Patina (pronounced /ˈpætəna/ or /pəˈtiːnə/ ) is a tarnish that forms on the surface of bronze which is produced by oxidation or other chemical processes.
Patination is the process of applying layers of color to the surface of a bronze sculpture. The patina artist creates this color by applying chemicals on the sculpture with heat. Patina is also the natural reaction of bronze to atmospheric conditions, such as chemicals and humidity and even man made environmental conditions such as water from sprinklers. The artist or the foundry will protect the patina with coats of wax or a lacquer to deter change in the patina. Because atmospheric elements constantly work on bronze surfaces after leaving the foundry, certain steps can be taken by the art collector to help preserve the original patina of the bronze sculpture.
Bronze is a very durable metal. Your bronze sculpture can last for centuries! The patina is the most delicate part of your bronze.
Many bronze collectors prefer to let the wax coating wear thin and enjoy the natural reaction and aging process of the patina especially on outdoor bronze sculptures. Wise collectors consult with a patina artist, foundry, or art conservator regarding any major changes in your bronze sculpture's patina.I recommend patina artist Laurie Tidwell and her company Patina Works for excellent patina on bronze sculpture.
An excellent book on bronze sculpture patina is available from Colorado patina artist Patrick Kipper.
